مطالعه آزمایشگاهی شیـر شتر: ترکیبات اصلی، مواد معدنی و نیم‌رخ اسیدهای آمینه و اسیدهای چرب

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان

1 استادیار تغذیه دام، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه یاسوج، یاسوج، ایران

2 دانشیار علوم زیست‌پزشکی، گروه علوم دامی، دانشگاه یاسوج، ایران

چکیده

این مطالعه به بررسی ویژگی‌های شیر شتر از ۶۱ شتر ماده تک کوهان با نژاد مختلط، با وزن بدن متوسط ۴۱۸ ± ۵۶ کیلوگرم و سن ۴۷.۵ ± ۹.۵ ماه، که از گله‌های سنتی انتخاب شده بودند، می‌پردازد. نمونه‌های شیر به‌صورت هفتگی جمع‌آوری و برای تجزیه و تحلیل ترکیبات اصلی، محتوای مواد معدنی، اسیدهای آمینه و اسیدهای چرب مورد بررسی قرار گرفتند. نتایج نشان داد که شیر شتر دارای محتوای آب بالاتر و درصدهای کمتری از چربی، پروتئین، مواد جامد کل و کازئین نسبت به شیر گاو، گوسفند و بز است (P < 0.05). محتوای خاکستر شیر شتر ۰.۸۱ ± ۰.۱۵ درصد بود که در رتبه دوم بعد از شیر گوسفند قرار دارد. شیر شتر غنی از لوسین، اسید گلوتامیک و اسید آسپارتیک بود، اما در لیزین و متیونین کمبود داشت. غلظت‌های فسفر و پتاسیم به‌ترتیب ۶۶.۲۶ ± ۱.۱۱ میلی‌گرم و ۱۳۳.۶۲ ± ۱.۸۲ میلی‌گرم بودند، در حالی که غلظت‌های منیزیم، سدیم و کلسیم به‌ترتیب ۲۰.۱۸ ± ۰.۵۸ میلی‌گرم، ۱۰۱.۳۹ ± ۱.۷۸ میلی‌گرم و ۱۲۱.۱۳ ± ۰.۸۶ میلی‌گرم در هر ۱۰۰ گرم شیر بود. اسیدهای چرب غالب شامل اسید اولئیک، پالمیتیک، استئاریک و میریستیک بودند. شیر شتر به‌عنوان یک منبع ارزشمند لبنیات در مناطق خشک، نیاز به بهبود کیفیت از طریق مطالعات تغذیه‌ای دارد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

موضوعات

عنوان مقاله [English]

Laboratory Study of Camel Milk: Main Components, Mineral Content, and Profile of Amino Acids and Fatty Acids

نویسندگان [English]

  • Amir Ahmadpour 1
  • Mousa Zarrin 2
1 Assistant Professor in Ruminant Nutrition, Department of Animal Science, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
2 Associate Professor in Biomedical Science, Department of Animal Science, Yasouj University, Yasouj, Iran
چکیده [English]

This study investigates the characteristics of camel milk from 61 mixed-breed female dromedary camels, with an average body weight of 418 ± 56 kg and an age of 47.5 ± 9.5 months, sourced from traditional herds. Weekly milk samples were analyzed for main constituents, mineral content, amino acids, and fatty acids during the winter of 2021. Results showed that camel milk had a higher water content and lower fat, protein, total solids, and casein percentages compared to cow, sheep, and goat milk (P < 0.05). The ash content was 0.81 ± 0.15%, ranking second after sheep milk. Camel milk was rich in leucine, glutamic acid, and aspartic acid, but low in lysine and methionine. Phosphorus and potassium concentrations were 66.26 ± 1.11 mg and 133.62 ± 1.82 mg, respectively, while magnesium, sodium, and calcium concentrations were 20.18 ± 0.58 mg, 101.39 ± 1.78 mg, and 121.13 ± 0.86 mg per 100 g of milk. The predominant fatty acids included oleic, palmitic, stearic, and meristic acids. Camel milk is a valuable dairy source in arid regions, necessitating quality enhancement through nutritional studies

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Camel milk
  • fatty acid profile
  • amino acid composition
  • milk constituents

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