Evaluation of chemical and microbial properties of alcoholic, hydroalcoholic, methanolic and aqueous extracts of Spinacia oleracea (Semnan)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 veterinary department,,semnan university

2 Department of Food Hygiene, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University,

3 Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Semnan University

Abstract

Todays, plants have attracted the attention of researchers as natural resources that have antioxidant and antibacterial properties. Spinach plant is widely used in various pharmaceutical and food industries. In this research, the effect of different solvents on the amount of phenolic compounds, antioxidant activity and antibacterial properties of various aqueous, alcoholic (ethanolic, methanolic) and hydroalcoholic extracts of spinach plant has been studied. According to the results obtained from the chemical tests, it was found that by changing the type of solvent from polar to non-polar, the extraction rate of phenolic compounds and therefore the antioxidant activity increased significantly (p<0.05).So that the ethanolic extract with the most non-polar property has 98.5 mg/100 grams of gallic acid of phenolic compounds, while the aqueous extract has 50.7 and naturally the same difference in the amount of phenolic compounds, the amount of antioxidant property for the ethanol extract is135±5 micrograms/ml. if it is 2011 ±12micrograms per milliliter for aqueous extract. According to the results, the MIC for the ethanolic extract was 11479 ppm on gram-positive bacteria and 12467 ppm for gram-negative bacteria, and for the aqueous extract, the MIC on gram-positive bacteria was 52380 ppm and for gram-negative bacteria was 64298 ppm.Therefore, in the case of microbial tests, the effect of non-polar extracts was more than that of polar extracts, which confirms that the type of solvent used has a significant effect on the antibacterial properties of different extracts. (p<0.05) In general, according to the results of this research, non-polar solvents cause the extraction of more phenolic compounds, and considering the antioxidant and antibacterial effects of these compounds, alcoholic extracts will have more antioxidant and antibacterial ability.

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References

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Journal of Veterinary Laboratory Research
Volume 15, Issue 2 - Serial Number 24
September 2023
Pages 153-165

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